Anniversary of the White City: Arequipa

Arequipa , known as the White City due to its beautiful white ashlar constructions, is preparing to celebrate another year of its foundation. With a rich historical, cultural and architectural heritage, the city is decked out to commemorate this anniversary amid the joy of its inhabitants and the admiration of visitors.

History and Foundation

Arequipa 's history is a fascinating journey through time that goes back to pre-Inca times, when diverse indigenous cultures inhabited this fertile region. However, it was in the 16th century that the city began to take shape under Spanish influence and became an important colonial and commercial center in southern Peru.

August 15, 1540 marks a fundamental milestone in the history of Arequipa. On this day, the Spanish captain Garcí Manuel de Carbajal , under the orders of Francisco Pizarro , officially founded the city. The choice of the name "Arequipa" comes from the Quechua voice " Ari qhipay ", which means "Yes, stay". This denomination reflects the affirmative response of the local natives to the question of whether they wanted a city to be established in that place.

The strategic location of Arequipa, in the valley of the Andes between the coast and the mountains, gave it a privileged position for trade and communication. During the colonial era, the city became an important center for the exchange of products between the coast and the highlands, which contributed significantly to its growth and development.

Throughout the centuries, Arequipa played a fundamental role in the history of Peru. During the fight for independence, the city became a stronghold of resistance against the royalist forces, and several of his sons stood out as leaders in the fight for freedom. This legacy of courage and determination has been imbued in the identity of the city and in the spirit of its people.

Arequipa's colonial and republican architecture is a tangible testimony of its history. The construction of buildings with white ashlar, a volcanic stone from the region, was a distinctive feature introduced by the Spanish. This choice of material not only endowed the city with its nickname of "White City", but also resulted in the creation of imposing and beautiful structures that endure to this day.

The 1868 earthquake had a significant impact on the city, destroying much of its architectural heritage. However, this disaster also prompted a major phase of reconstruction and renovation that contributed to the unique mix of architectural styles that can be seen in Arequipa today.

Architecture and Cultural Heritage

One of the biggest attractions of Arequipa is its colonial and republican architecture, which is characterized by the use of sillar, a white volcanic stone that shines in the sun. The Cathedral of Arequipa , built in the 17th century, is one of the most prominent examples of this architecture. Its imposing façade and intricate details make this cathedral an architectural gem that stands in the heart of the Plaza de Armas .

Another landmark is the Santa Catalina Monastery , a religious citadel within the city that dates back to the 16th century. Its colorful walls, tranquil courtyards, and well-preserved cloisters offer a fascinating glimpse into monastic life in the past. The monastery is a window into Arequipa's colonial past, showing how the nuns lived in isolation while maintaining a self-sufficient community.

Traditions and Festivities

The White City Anniversary is celebrated every August 15 with a series of events and festivities that attract locals and tourists alike. The streets are filled with colorful parades, traditional music and folk dances. One of the most anticipated moments is the Mass and Procession of the Virgin of the Assumption , the patron saint of Arequipa. The faithful gather to pay homage and give thanks for the blessings received.

Gastronomy also plays a crucial role in the celebrations. Traditional dishes like stuffed rocoto, adobo, and cheese soltero allow visitors to experience the unique flavors of Arequipa. In addition, it is common to find craft fairs and local markets where typical products and crafts are exhibited.

Tourist attractions

Arequipa is much more than its architecture and festivities. The city and its surroundings offer a wide range of activities for visitors. The Colca Valley , known for its impressive canyon and bird watching, is one of the favorite destinations. Adventurers can go hiking and climbing in the canyon, while those seeking relaxation can enjoy the thermal baths.

Colca Valley: Adventure and Scenic Beauty

The Colca Valley is one of the most popular tourist destinations near Arequipa. With its impressive canyon, which is one of the deepest in the world, this place offers a perfect combination of adventure and natural beauty. Hikers and nature lovers can enjoy hiking and climbing, exploring trails that meander through the canyon and offer panoramic views of the surrounding area. In addition, the Colca Valley is famous for its bird watching, and it is possible to spot the majestic Andean condor soaring into the air from strategic viewpoints.

Santa Catalina Monastery: A Historical Refuge

While much of Arequipa is immersed in modern life, the Monastery of Santa Catalina is a place that will take you back centuries. This religious complex, founded in 1579, is like a city within a city, with cobbled alleyways, colorful courtyards and well-preserved cloisters. For centuries, the monastery was a place of seclusion for high-society nuns, who lived in isolation while maintaining a self-sufficient community. Exploring the Santa Catalina Monastery is like traveling back in time and experiencing the daily life of the nuns in the colonial past.

Arequipeña Gastronomy: Traditional Flavors

Gastronomy is an essential part of the Arequipa experience. The flavors and aromas of traditional food are a window into the local culture. Iconic dishes like the stuffed rocoto, a hot pepper stuffed with meat and other ingredients, are a delight for lovers of spicy food. Adobo, a pork-based stew marinated in chicha de jora and ají panca, is another delicacy that visitors should not miss. And for those looking for lighter options, the cheese bachelor, a fresh and colorful salad with fresh cheese and vegetables, is a refreshing option.

The Plaza de Armas and the Cathedral: Historical and Religious Center

Arequipa's Plaza de Armas is the heart of the city and a place where history and daily life converge. Surrounded by colonial and republican buildings, the square is a meeting place and an ideal starting point for exploring the city. The Arequipa Cathedral, located at one end of the plaza, is an architectural masterpiece dating from the 17th century. Its impressive facades and ornate interior are a testament to the religious and artistic splendor of the time.

Salinas and Aguada Blanca National Reserve: Nature in its Pure State

Those looking to connect with nature can find refuge in the Salinas y Aguada Blanca National Reserve . This vast protected area is home to a variety of fauna and flora, as well as impressive mountain landscapes. Here it is possible to see vicuñas, alpacas and flamingos in their natural habitat. In addition, the majestic Misti volcano, an icon of Arequipa, is located in the surroundings and offers the possibility of excursions for those looking for a mountaineering experience.

The White City of Arequipa is a treasure in southern Peru that deserves to be celebrated on its anniversary. With a rich history, impressive architecture, vibrant festivities, and deep-rooted culture, the city becomes a place of wonder and wonder. By commemorating its founding, Arequipa invites us to immerse ourselves in its legacy and witness its continued splendor. If you have the opportunity to visit it during its Anniversary, you will find yourself immersed in an experience that fuses the past and the present in a unique and memorable way.