Cusco, known as the “historical capital of Peru,” is a fascinating city with a unique blend of Incan and colonial culture. Situated in the Andes, the city serves as a starting point for exploring the wonders of the Peruvian Andes, such as the famous Machu Picchu. In addition, Cusco has a wide variety of activities to suit all tastes.
1. Visit Machu Picchu
It is almost obligatory to start with Machu Picchu, one of the Seven Wonders of the World and one of the biggest tourist attractions in South America. This Inca citadel is located on top of a mountain surrounded by tropical vegetation, which makes it even more magical. To get to Machu Picchu you have several options:
- Inca Trail : A 4-day, 3-night trek, for those seeking an authentic experience of connection with nature.
- Salkantay Trail : A more demanding and less crowded alternative, but with impressive landscapes.
- Train : If you prefer comfort, you can take the train from Cusco or the town of Ollantaytambo to Aguas Calientes, and then take the bus.
Exploring Machu Picchu not only allows you to learn about Incan architecture and history, but also offers stunning views, especially at sunrise or sunset.
2. Tour the Sacred Valley of the Incas
The Sacred Valley, just outside of Cusco, is a region full of history, culture and stunning scenery. This area includes traditional villages, Incan ruins, local markets and some of the best viewing points in Peru. Recommended places to visit include:
- Ollantaytambo : Famous for its imposing ruins and agricultural terraces, which showcase Inca architectural skill.
- Pisac : Home to another archaeological complex and its craft market, where you can buy textiles, jewelry and handmade goods.
- Chinchero : Traditional town known for its weavers, who offer demonstrations of their ancestral techniques.
- Salineras de Maras and Moray : The Salineras de Maras are salt terraces in a canyon, while Moray is a set of circular terraces that were probably an Inca agricultural experimentation center.
3. Explore the Historic Center of Cusco
Cusco's historic center is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and rightly so. Its cobblestone streets, plazas, and colonial churches allow you to travel back in time. Don't miss:
- Plaza de Armas : The heart of the city, surrounded by colonial architecture such as the Cathedral and the Church of the Society of Jesus. It is an ideal place to start your tour and observe local life.
- San Blas Neighborhood : Known as the bohemian neighborhood of Cusco, San Blas has narrow streets, colonial houses and a large number of artists and artisans' workshops.
- Museum of Pre-Columbian Art : Exhibits pieces from Peruvian pre-Columbian cultures, including ceramics, jewelry and textiles.
- Coricancha : The ancient Temple of the Sun of the Incas, on which the Spanish built the church of Santo Domingo. It is a symbol of the mixture between Inca and colonial culture.
4. Take a Hike to the Rainbow Mountain
The Mountain of Seven Colors, also known as Vinicunca, is a natural wonder located at about 5,200 meters above sea level. It is famous for its impressive bands of colors, a product of mineral sedimentation. The hike to Vinicunca is demanding due to the altitude, but the view at the end is completely worth it. If you are looking for a less crowded alternative, consider visiting Palccoyo , another colorful mountain nearby.
5. Participate in a Gastronomic Tour
Cusco is a great place to discover Peruvian cuisine, which is world-renowned. There are several food tours that allow you to try typical dishes and visit local markets. Some dishes you shouldn't miss include:
- Ceviche : Although ceviche is more common on the coast, in Cusco you can try an adapted version with local products.
- Lomo Saltado : Beef sautéed with onion, tomato and French fries.
- Pachamanca : A traditional Incan dish, cooked in a hole in the ground with hot stones, which includes meats, potatoes, and corn.
- Cuy : A gastronomic experience for the more adventurous. This traditional Andean dish is made from roasted guinea pig.
6. Visit the Humantay Lagoon
Humantay Lagoon is one of the most photogenic places near Cusco. It is a turquoise lagoon located at the foot of the Humantay Mountain, at about 4,200 meters above sea level. The journey to the lagoon involves a moderate hike, and the scenery is simply spectacular. The lagoon is ideal for nature lovers and those looking for a quiet place in the Andes.
7. Explore the Archaeological Site of Sacsayhuamán
Located just a few minutes from Cusco, Sacsayhuamán is an impressive archaeological complex and a showcase of Inca architecture. The enormous stones that form its walls were assembled with such precision that they do not require cement. From Sacsayhuamán, you can also enjoy a panoramic view of Cusco.
8. Take an Andean Textiles Class
Cusco is known for its traditional textiles. Several workshops and cooperatives offer Andean weaving classes and demonstrations, where you can learn about ancient techniques and see the natural dyeing process. These workshops are available in Cusco and nearby towns such as Chinchero and Pisac. In addition to gaining knowledge, you can purchase unique textile pieces and support local communities.
9. Experience the Nightlife in Cusco
Cusco has a vibrant nightlife, with bars and clubs that attract tourists and locals alike. Here you can dance salsa, enjoy live music or simply relax with a cocktail made with pisco (a typical Peruvian liquor). Some highlights include:
- Paddy´s Irish Pub : One of the highest bars in the world, with a great view of the Plaza de Armas.
- Mama Africa : A very popular nightclub among tourists, with a mix of international music and Latin rhythms.
- Norton Rat's Tavern : A relaxed bar, ideal for lovers of motorcycles and panoramic views.
10. Attend Traditional Festivals
If you have the chance to visit Cusco during a holiday, don't miss it! Some traditional celebrations worth experiencing include:
- Inti Raymi : The Festival of the Sun, an Incan celebration that takes place every June 24 in Sacsayhuamán. It is one of the most important festivals in Cusco and an excellent opportunity to learn about Incan traditions.
- Holy Week : Cusco celebrates Holy Week with religious processions, especially the procession of the Lord of Earthquakes.
- Corpus Christi : This Catholic event combines elements of the Andean religion, and during the celebration you can see a procession of saints around the Plaza de Armas.
11. Relax in Hot Springs in Lares or Aguas Calientes
After days of hiking and exploring, it's a great idea to relax in hot springs. You can visit the hot springs of Lares , in the Sacred Valley, which are surrounded by mountains and offer a peaceful and natural setting. You can also enjoy the hot springs of Aguas Calientes , near Machu Picchu, a popular choice for those who have completed the visit to the Inca citadel.
Get ready to fall in love with the magic of Cusco and immerse yourself in its fascinating stories and traditions!